Skip to main content

Smart Contract Primitives

Ethereum Smart Contracts Protocols.

  • ERC-20: A standard interface for fungible (interchangeable) tokens, like voting tokens, staking tokens or virtual currencies.
  • ERC-721: A standard interface for non-fungible tokens, like a deed for artwork or a song.
  • ERC-1155: Enables more efficient trades and bundling of transactions to save costs. This standard enables creating both utility tokens (such as $BNB or $BAT) and Non-Fungible Tokens like CryptoPunks.

Questions​

Which smart contract pattern — upgradeability, access control, or oracle integration — is most frequently implemented incorrectly in production contracts?

  • At what contract age does the upgradeability pattern shift from protecting users (ability to patch bugs) to harming them (ability to rug)?
  • How does the choice between proxy upgradeability patterns (UUPS versus transparent) affect the gas cost and security trade-offs over a contract's lifetime?
  • Which smart contract pattern is most likely to be made obsolete by a future EVM opcode or Solidity feature?