Onchain Services

Smart Contracts provide standardized components for automating permissionless flows of value via immutable logic executed on the blockchain.

Principles

EVM or SVM or something more secure like Move?

• EVM Development
• SVM Development

Disciplines

Web3 engineering can be broken down by the following table.

Web3 Dev	JTBD	Focus
Fulfilment of Intent	Routing	AI / Intent Interface
App Development	Product	Domain Interface
Onchain Programming	Services	Business Logic
Off Chain Data Services	Data Services	Data Insights
Blockchain Architecture	Better Platform	Speed, Capacity, Reliability

Rather than interface with a private database through an API, Web3 applications interact with contracts on blockchains via wallets that convert intentions into actions that change global state immutably.

1. The greater volume of work is standard web application development for human interaction by [Product Engineers] using the Nextjs Framework with certain libraries that make interfacing with the blockchain easier (Typesafe) to develop.
2. The greater complexity and importance of work is writing valuable and secure logic onto the blockchain.
3. For more complex applications, teams may innovate with building their own blockchain architecture protocols. Engineering the Blockchain Architecture for building better products has alot of overlap with platform engineering.

Advantages

Advantages of Blockchain Technology:

1. Autonomy and savings: Smart contracts do not need intermediaries to confirm an agreement, eliminating the risk of manipulation by third parties while reducing costs.
2. Backup: All the documents stored on blockchain preventing data loss
3. Safety: encryption and cryptography maintain integrity of data
4. Speed: coded logic automates tasks saving hours on human driven processes
5. Accuracy: eliminate manual data processing errors

See Web3 for more on business case benefits.

Challenges

Bad actors can exploit vulnerabilities in smart contracts to steal funds or disrupt operations.

Security is paramount in blockchain development.

Contract auditing is expensive for assets anyone can vampire attack.

Limitations

Early days potential regulatory constraints ahead.

1. Difficult to change: changes are virtually impossible, any error is extremely expensive.
2. No wiggle room: Legal and Smart Contracts are not the same thing with no room for interpretation of good faith.
3. Third party: still needed to verify legality of adopting a Smart Contract for certain operations.

Critical Path

To become a Smart Contract Developer, the key is to combine technical skills, practical experience, and a strategic approach to build a successful career in the fast-moving web3 space. Continuously learn, network, and ship useful products.

Learn to Build EVM Smart Contracts or SVM Programs

• Take online tutorials and courses
• Study the official documentation
• Practice creating and deploying contracts on testnets

Participate in Hackathons

• Immerse yourself in the Web3 community
• Collaborate on short-term projects
• Publish your code on Github to build a portfolio

Junior Developer Roles

• Start with frontend development for dapps using React.js and Ethers.js
• Or focus on backend smart contract development with Solidity, Foundry
• Look for roles on Linkedin or network at hackathons/incubators

Level Up Your Skills

• Gain confidence deploying smart contracts to mainnet
• Research security best practices and past hacks
• Implement comprehensive testing of contracts
• Consider third-party audits and bug bounties

Senior Roles & Lead Teams

• Take on more responsibility, potentially as CTO or tech lead
• Set roadmaps, manage timelines, ensure documentation and testing
• Foster a collaborative team environment
• Keep learning about latest web3 technologies and trends

Launch Your Own Web3 Project or Startup

• Identify a real problem you are passionate about solving
• Test ideas before building to ensure product-market fit
• Be strategic about funding via VCs, grants, etc.
• Be prepared to pivot based on user feedback and market conditions

App Development

Outline of things to learn on the path to orchestrating blockchain integrity, crypto incentives and AI automation to solve real world problems that make people's lives better.

• Blockchain Foundations
• Basic Onchain Applications
• Dev Ops and Security
• Onchain Development
• Blockchain Architecture
• DePIN Endgame

Purpose

• Why Crypto Matters?
• Web3 Principles
• Blockchain Basics

Blockchain Foundations

What is a blockchain? How does it work?

• Keypairs
• Transactions
• RPC Interaction

Domain Knowledge

Crypto Assets/Primitives to understand how value flows through a blockchain ecosystem.

Protocols	Valuation Model
Decentralized Finance (DeFi)	-
Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN)	-
Interop Services	-
Games and Gamification	-
Governance Tokens	-
Loyalty & Marketing	-
Memecoins	-
Non Fungible Tokens (NFTs)	-
Restaking	-
Stablecoins	-
Tokenized Assets (RWAs)	-

App Development

Interaction Model (intent-client-wallet-program).

State is stored on the blockchain, where intentions pass through wallets that interact with smart contracts on the blockchain.

Components

• Nextjs
• Wallets
• ABI and RPC

EVM vs SVM Web Development

EVM Term	SVM Term	DeFi	NFTS

Ethereum Web

• Account Abstraction

Solana Web

SVM DeFi Developer

• SDKs - web3.js
• RPC APIs - Tokens
• Solana Program library
• Token extensions
• Oracles
• SPL-token CLI

Domain

• Automated Market Makers
• Openbook

SVM NFT Developer

• SDKs - web3.js
• RPC APIs - NFTs
• Solana Program library
• Token extensions
• candy-machine
• sugar-CLI
• ShdwDrive
• Compression
• SPL-token CLI

Onchain Dev Ops and Security

Server side best practices for maintaining operational security and integrity of your blockchain applications.

• Wallets

Onchain Development

Integrated vs Modular Architecture?

Fundamentals

Before coding:

• Clarify the Problem
• Map the Flow of Value
• Use the best Dev Tools
• Update Vulnerabilities Checklist

Decisions

Which Blockchains?

• EVM Contracts
• SVM Programs
• Move Programs

Design Choices:

• Onchain vs Offchain

EVM Smart Contract Developer

Solidity coding on the Ethereum Virtual Machine.

• Standards
• Patterns
• Examples
  • ERC721 Staking smart contract

Eigenlayer AVS Development

• AVS Engineering

SVM Program Developer

Rust coding on the Solana Virtual Machine.

• GNU/Linux setup
• Rust env + syntax
• State management
• PDAs (Program Derived Addresses)
• CPIs (Cross Program Invocations)
• Anchor
• IDLs
• Oracles
• Security

DePIN Endgame

Which is the best path to get to the endgame of combining AI, IoT and Blockchain to close critical feedback loops in the right way to set humanity of a path of sustainable growth?

• Closed Feedback Loops
• DePIN AI and Crypto Engineer

Flow Engineering through DePIN Feedback Loops: AI automation, crypto incentives, blockchain integrity, IoT signals.

• Data Feeds
• AI Functions
• Onchain Logic

Onchain Dev Ops and Security

Best Practices for working with Wallets, Private Keys, Cloud Infrastruture and how to maintain security after deploying a smart contract.

• Wallet Selection Guide & Engineeering
• Private Keys
• Cloud Infrastructure

Activities

Post Deployment Checks

Continously improve processes to become better equipped to meet the evolving challenges of the blockchain landscape, and make more informed decisions that strengthen your security and credibility.

1. Never deploy with single externally owned account (EOA)

tip

Use a multisig wallet to deploy your contracts.

Wallets and Post Deployment Actions

Providers

Suppliers of infrastructure to aid in the development and performance of running decentralised applications.

• Thirdweb

Thirdweb

Features:

• Explore Common Contracts
• Status Dashboard
• Analytics
• Sources (what is this?)
• Configuration Settings
• CLI
• API key
• Contract extensions
• Dapp deployment

Education

Courses

• Updraft Cyfrin | Discord

YouTube

• @PatrickAlphaC
• @thirdweb
• @EatTheBlocks

Attachments

• Cost Analysis
• Critical Path
• Hackathons
• Tech Stack