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Agent Protocols

How do AI agents coordinate without human intermediaries?

Agent protocols define how autonomous systems communicate, transact, and collaborate. As AI agents become economic actors, they need shared standards — the same way humans needed HTTP for the web and TCP/IP for the internet.

The Protocol Stack

ProtocolFunctionWhat It Enables
MCPModel Context ProtocolAI tool use — how agents access external capabilities
A2AAgent to AgentInter-agent communication and task delegation
ACPAgent Commerce ProtocolAutonomous transactions, payments, agreements
PCPProof of CreativityIP attribution and value flow for generated content

The Three Flows in Agent Coordination

Same pattern as telecom and robotics:

INTENT → ROUTE → INFRASTRUCTURE → SETTLE → FEEDBACK
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Task Protocol Agent/LLM Blockchain Learning
spec selection execution payment signal
Flow StageAgent ImplementationWho Provides
IntentTask specification, goal definitionUser or orchestrating agent
RouteProtocol selection, agent discoveryMCP, A2A
InfrastructureLLM inference, tool executionAI providers, compute networks
SettlePayment, proof of workACP, blockchain
FeedbackQuality signal, reputationPCP, evaluation agents

Why This Matters

The 2027 thesis: AI agents will handle most knowledge work. But agents need rails to transact — protocols that let them:

  • Discover each other's capabilities
  • Negotiate terms and prices
  • Execute transactions trustlessly
  • Attribute value and build reputation

Without protocols: Agents are siloed, can't coordinate, can't transact. With protocols: Autonomous economies emerge — agents as economic actors.

Context


The Meta Question

"When agents can negotiate, transact, and evaluate each other — who writes the rules of engagement?"